When a loved one has dementia, it's common to want to help. You may not be able to control the disease, but you can help your loved one feel connected and content. One way to do this is by getting outside.
Research shows that being in nature can improve symptoms of dementia like depression and anxiety. The sensory experience of a breeze against skin or the smell of flowers can decrease agitation.
Plus, being outside often encourages exercise, like gardening or taking a walk. Physical activity can improve balance, strength and heart health in people with dementia. It can also reduce restlessness and may even slow progression of the disease.
However, helping a person with dementia enjoy the outdoors isn't as simple as opening the door. Here are some things to consider.
Prioritize safety
Creating a safe outdoor environment for a person with dementia is crucial. Here are some steps you can take to make a safe outdoor space:
- Make sure walking paths are wide and level to make balancing easier.
- Line the path and step edges with bright tape to increase their visibility.
- Remove tripping hazards like sticks, rocks or hoses.
- Lock up dangerous items like gasoline, fertilizer and sharp tools.
- Make sure your loved one has comfortable and well-fitting shoes.
- Use a GPS tracking device or mobile alarm for someone who can go for walks alone.
Work with limitations
If your loved one has difficulty with active pastimes like gardening or walking, try something more passive. Bird-watching and looking at flowers can be just as beneficial. Simply being taken for a walk in a wheelchair in the fresh air can promote relaxation and conversation.
Sometimes your loved one can't spend time outside. The weather may be harsh, or the care facility may lack resources for structured outdoor activities. Some people have physical symptoms like tremors or rigidity that make movement difficult.
Here are some ways to bring nature indoors:
- Put plants in your loved one's room.
- Place a chair near a window, in view of trees, birds or the sky.
- Consider hanging peaceful pictures of nature, especially locations your loved one would enjoy.
- Try indoor gardening, which has been shown to reduce agitation.
Assign skill-building activities
Maintaining life skills is another benefit of outdoor activities. People with dementia can focus on what they can still do by performing simple but enjoyable tasks, like:
- Filling the birdfeeder
- Picking up the mail
- Watering plants
- Sweeping the porch
Make it meaningful
Ultimately, the best outdoor activity is anything your loved one will enjoy. Activities that offer an opportunity to reminisce in a positive way can be helpful.
For example, a person who used to ride horses may love a trip to a barn to watch others ride. Someone who was known for growing luscious vegetable gardens may find snapping green beans soothing.
Work with your loved one's health care provider to find appropriate activities. Dementia is not a one-size-fits-all experience and often progresses over time. Plan for activities that meet your loved one's needs and wishes now.